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The MACS Rule: Immediate ‘rule in’ and ‘rule out’ for suspected cardiac chest pain

Rick Body introduces the original Manchester Acute Coronary Syndromes decision rule in this 2014 research report. He explains its derivation and external validation, how clinical features and biomarkers contribute to risk assessment, and the questions that still needed answering before routine use.

The MACS Rule: Immediate ‘rule in’ and ‘rule out’ for suspected cardiac chest pain Read More

Ethical Dilemmas in Emergency Medicine part 3: Is Primum non nocere timeless or ridiculous?

Can ‘first, do no harm’ describe clinical practice when every useful intervention carries some risk? The third instalment of this ethics series explores benefit, harm and utilitarian reasoning, asking how clinicians can pursue a patient’s interests while respecting moral limits.

Ethical Dilemmas in Emergency Medicine part 3: Is Primum non nocere timeless or ridiculous? Read More

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